Who Can Perform a 409A Valuation? Qualification, Independence & IRS Safe-Harbor Rules for Indian Startups

There’s no government license for a 409A valuation — the IRS tests only qualification and independence. What each test actually requires, who fails it even with the right credentials, and how a 409A valuation differs from India’s own statutory valuations.

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GST Notices and Appeals in 2026: What to Do When a Notice Arrives, and Why 31 July Matters

A GST notice is a sequence, not a single event: ASMT-10, DRC-01A, DRC-01, DRC-07, and then two appellate stages. This guide sets out the reply timelines, the new Section 74A limitation regime from FY 2024-25, the preliminary objections worth taking first, and the 31 July 2026 deadline for backlog appeals before the GST Appellate Tribunal.

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GST on Cross-Border Services: Place of Supply Rules Every Exporter Should Know

Place of supply decides whether your foreign-client invoice is a zero-rated export or an 18% domestic supply. A practical guide to Section 13 of the IGST Act, the five conditions of Section 2(6), the March 2026 intermediary reset, and the compliance chain from LUT to refund.

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