Startup Valuation

Who Can Perform a 409A Valuation? Qualification, Independence & IRS Safe-Harbor Rules for Indian Startups

There’s no government license for a 409A valuation — the IRS tests only qualification and independence. What each test actually requires, who fails it even with the right credentials, and how a 409A valuation differs from India’s own statutory valuations.

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Valuations of Mergers and Acquisition

Valuation for Merger and Acquisitions

1. Introduction Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) have become a cornerstone of corporate strategy for companies seeking growth, diversification, or market consolidation. In India, where the economic landscape is marked by regulatory complexities and a mix of domestic and cross-border players, the role of valuation is both strategic and indispensable. Valuation is not just about determining

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Professional Indian businessman in a suit analyzing fundraising valuation data with rupee symbols, financial charts, and growth icons.

Fundraising Valuation: A Comprehensive Guide for Indian Startups

I Introduction: Why Valuation is the Startup Founder’s First Real Test For Indian startup founders, fundraising valuation is not just about raising capital; it’s about relinquishing ownership, setting the tone for future expectations, and proving that the venture is worthy of external belief. The valuation a startup commands during a fundraising round is often the

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